An Inspector Calls: Key Characters Explained

Mr and Mrs Birling, Sheila, Eric, Gerald and Eva Smith: what each one did to Eva, how they react to the Inspector, and the argument to make about them.

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The An Inspector Calls: Key Characters Explained cheat sheet: a one-page GCSE English Literature summary of an inspector calls.

An Inspector Calls: Key Characters Explained

Mr and Mrs Birling, Sheila, Eric, Gerald and Eva Smith: what each one did to Eva, how they react to the Inspector, and the argument to make about them.

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Last updated 10 Aug 2026

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Everything on the GCSE English Literature An Inspector Calls: Key Characters Explained poster is written out below, section by section. Use it to search the sheet, copy parts into your own notes, or check a fact quickly.

Mr Birling

  • Self-made factory owner and former Lord Mayor, angling for a knighthood.
  • Sacked Eva Smith from his factory for leading a strike for higher wages.
  • Confidently dismisses the risk of war and calls the Titanic "unsinkable".
  • To the end, refuses any responsibility for Eva's death and learns nothing.

Exam focus

Write about him as Priestley's warning against selfish capitalism: he refuses responsibility, gets the future wrong, and learns nothing.

Mrs Birling

  • Cold, snobbish, and her husband's social superior.
  • Chairs a women's charity and used her influence to refuse the pregnant Eva's appeal for help.
  • Insists the child's father alone should be punished, not realising she condemns her own son, Eric.
  • The most stubborn of the family; she admits no blame even at the end.

Exam focus

Write about her as Priestley's attack on class prejudice: she uses charity to protect status, not to help the vulnerable.

Sheila

  • The Birlings' daughter, pretty and pleased with life, newly engaged to Gerald.
  • Had Eva sacked from Milwards out of jealousy over a dress.
  • The first to feel real guilt and to accept her part fully.
  • Grows sharp and perceptive, seeing through both her parents and the Inspector's method.
  • Returns Gerald's ring, and stands with Eric as the play's voice of change.

Exam focus

Write about her as proof that people can change: she accepts guilt, sees through the adults, and becomes a voice of responsibility.

Eric

  • The Birlings' son, drinking too heavily and never quite at ease at home.
  • Drunk, forced his way into Eva's lodgings by threatening to make a scene, and later got her pregnant.
  • Stole about fifty pounds from his father's office to support her.
  • Like Sheila, accepts his guilt and turns on his parents' values.
  • Bitterly blames his mother once he learns she refused Eva.

Exam focus

Write about him as both guilty and sympathetic: he harms Eva, but unlike his parents he accepts responsibility and changes.

Gerald

  • Son of the aristocratic Crofts, and Sheila's well-bred fiance.
  • Met Eva, as Daisy Renton, at the Palace bar and kept her as his mistress.
  • Shows genuine feeling for her, but had already ended the affair.
  • Sides with the older Birlings and tries to prove the Inspector was a hoax.

Exam focus

Write about him as morally mixed: he helps Eva for a while, but still uses his power over her and returns to protecting himself.

Eva Smith / Daisy Renton

  • The working-class woman every other character wronged; she never appears on stage.
  • Sacked by Birling, dismissed at Milwards, then kept and left by Gerald.
  • Made pregnant by Eric and refused help by Mrs Birling's charity.
  • Dies after drinking disinfectant, the human cost of the others' choices.

Exam focus

Write about her as the unseen victim of social inequality: Priestley uses her to show how powerful people's choices damage the vulnerable.

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