IB
Geography
Options: Geographic Themes
1.1 - Drainage Basins1.2 - River Discharge1.3 - River Landforms1.4 - Hydrographs1.5 - Changes in Land Use & Flood Risk1.6 - Flood Prediction, Mitigation & Control1.7 - Water Scarcity1.8 - Impacts of Agriculture on the Environment1.9 - Human Pressures on Water Resources1.10 - Dams1.11 - Integrated Drainage Basin Management1.12 - Wetlands1.13 - Sustainable Use of Water
2.1 - Ocean Currents2.2 - El Niño & La Niña2.3 - Hurricanes2.4 - Oceans, Carbon Cycle & Acidification2.5 - Physical Influences on Coastal Landscapes2.6 - Coastal Landforms2.7 - Eustatic & Isostatic Change2.8 - Development of Sand Dunes2.9 - Coastal Management2.10 - Case Study: Coastal Land Use & Conflicts2.11 - Coral Reefs2.12 - Economic Exclusive Zones2.13 - Abiotic & Biotic Ocean Resources2.14 - Ocean Pollution & Geopolitics
3.1 - Characteristics of Extreme Environments3.2 - People in Extreme Environments3.3 - Changing Distribution of Extreme Environments3.4 - Glacial Erosion3.5 - Glacial Deposition3.6 - Periglacial Environments3.7 - Hot Arid Environments3.8 - Agriculture in Hot Arid Environments3.9 - Mineral Extraction in Hot Arid Environments3.10 - Mineral Extraction in Cold Environments3.11 - Tourism in Extreme Environments3.12 - Desertification3.13 - Competition for Resources3.14 - Technology & Sustainable Development3.15 - Impacts of Climate Change
4.1 - Plate Tectonics4.2 - Volcanoes4.3 - Earthquakes4.4 - Mass Movements4.5 - Spatial Distribution & Magnitude of Hazards4.6 - Geophysical Hazard Risk4.7 - Factors Affecting Geophysical Events4.8 - Hazard Risk & Vulnerability4.9 - Case Study: Earthquakes4.10 - Case Study: Volcanic Eruptions4.11 - Case Study: Landslides4.12 - Trends in Hazards & Disasters4.13 - Adaptations to Geophysical Hazards4.14 - Management Strategies
5.1 - Changing Leisure Patterns5.2 - Categorising Tourist & Sporting Activities5.3 - Economic Development & Leisure5.4 - Factors Affecting Participation in Sports & Tourism5.5 - Rural & Urban Tourism Hotspots5.6 - Spheres of Influence for Sports & Tourism5.7 - Impacts of Large-scale Leisure Sites5.8 - Niche National Tourism Strategies5.9 - Transnational Corporations & Tourism5.10 - Tourism as a National Development Strategy5.11 - Hosting International Sporting Events5.12 - Unsustainable Tourism5.13 - Sustainable Tourism5.14 - The Future of International Tourism5.15 - Influences on International Sport Participation
6.1 - Global Patterns in Food & Nutrition6.2 - The Nutrition Transition6.3 - Global Patterns in Health Indicators6.4 - The Epidemiological Transition6.5 - Systems Approach to Food Production6.6 - Variations in Food Consumption6.7 - Diffusion of Agriculture & Disease6.8 - Vector-borne & Water-borne Diseases6.9 - Stakeholders in Food & Health6.10 - Food Consumption, Transnational Corporations & Media6.11 - Gender Roles, Food & Health6.12 - Factors Affecting Famine Severity6.13 - Solutions to Food Insecurity & Production6.14 - Prevention & Treatment of Disease6.15 - Pandemics
7.1 - Characteristics of Urban Places7.2 - Urban Economic Activities7.3 - Location of Urban Residential Areas7.4 - Poverty, Deprivation & Informal Sector7.5 - Urbanisation, Natural Increase & Population Movements7.6 - Case Study: Urban System Growth7.7 - Causes & Consequences of Urban Deindustrialisation7.8 - Urban Microclimates7.9 - Urban Traffic7.10 - Contested Land7.11 - Urban Crime & Social Deprivation7.12 - Urban Growth Projections7.13 - Resilient City Design7.14 - Eco-city Design7.15 - Smart Cities
Core Content: Geographic Perspectives — Global Change
1.1 - Global Population Distribution1.2 - Global Patterns of Economic Development1.3 - National Population Distribution & Economic Development1.4 - Demographic Transition Model1.5 - Population Change & Demographic Transition1.6 - Impacts of Megacity Growth1.7 - Causes & Impacts of Forced Migration1.8 - Ageing Populations1.9 - Case Study: Anti-natalist Policies1.10 - Case Study: Pro-natalist Policies1.11 - Case Study: Gender Equality Issues1.12 - Trafficking & Anti-trafficking Policies1.13 - Demographic Dividend
2.1 - Structure of Earth’s Atmosphere2.2 - Greenhouse Effect2.3 - Changes in Global Energy Balance2.4 - Implications of Climate Change2.5 - Changes in Stored Carbon2.6 - Extreme Weather Events2.7 - Changes in Biomes2.8 - Impact of Climate Change on People & Places2.9 - Variation in Exposure to Climate Change2.10 - Case Study: Variation in Vulnerability to Climate Change2.11 - Governments & Climate Change2.12 - Mitigation Strategies
3.1 - Poverty Reduction & Global Middle Class3.2 - Global Consumption of Resources3.3 - Water3.4 - Food & Land3.5 - Energy3.6 - Water-food-energy Nexus3.7 - Case Study: Water Security3.8 - Case Study: Food Security3.9 - Case Study: Energy Security3.10 - Climate Change & Nexus Approaches3.11 - Disposal & Recycling of Waste3.12 - Views of Population & Resources3.13 - Resource Stewardship3.14 - Sustainable Development Goals
Core Content: Geographic Perspectives — Global Interactions
4.1 - Globalisation Indices4.2 - Global Superpowers4.3 - Global Organisations & Groups4.4 - Global Lending Institutions4.5 - Global Trade4.6 - International Aid, Loans & Debt Relief4.7 - Illegal Flows4.8 - Foreign Direct Investment4.9 - Transnational Companies4.10 - Multi-government Organisations4.11 - Economic Migration4.12 - Data Flow Patterns & Trends4.13 - Transport Developments4.14 - Communication Infrastructure Patterns & Trends4.15 - Physical Environment & Global Interactions
5.1 - UN Sustainable Development Goals5.2 - Human Development Index & Gender Inequality Index5.3 - Social Entrepreneurship & Human Development5.4 - Global Culture & Traits5.5 - Globalisation of Brands & Cultural Hybridity5.6 - Evolution of Urban Cultural Landscapes5.7 - Diasporas & Cultural Diversity5.8 - Globalised Production5.9 - Anti-immigration Groups5.10 - Constraints on Global Interactions5.11 - The Role of Civil Society
6.1 - Threats to Individuals & Businesses6.2 - Threats to the Sovereignty of States6.3 - Globalisation & Nationalism6.4 - Transboundary Pollution6.5 - Environmental Impacts of Global Flows6.6 - Environmental Issues & Global Industry Shift6.7 - International Organisations & Global Interactions6.8 - Strategies to Build Resilience6.9 - Technology for Managing Global Flows