6.11 - Case Study: Urban Gardens in Afghanistan
The challenges faced by displaced Afghans in urban areas
Many Afghans are forced to leave their rural homes due to armed conflict, natural disasters, and limited economic prospects. They often seek refuge in urban areas, hoping for better opportunities. However, this transition brings significant difficulties as they adapt to new surroundings while grappling with ongoing hardship.
Key difficulties for displaced individuals in cities
- Persistent poverty - Moving to urban areas does not automatically resolve financial struggles, as many remain in economic despair.
- Unfamiliar environment - Adjusting to city life poses a cultural and practical challenge for those accustomed to rural settings.
- Dual sustainability challenge - Displaced individuals must find ways to support themselves sustainably while ensuring their presence does not further strain the limited resources of urban areas.
The urban gardening scheme in Mazar-i-Sharif
In response to these challenges, a project initiated by the charity People in Need, with funding from the European Union (EU) and the Czech Development Agency, has been introduced in Mazar-i-Sharif, a city in northern Afghanistan. This initiative focuses on enhancing food production in small urban spaces to improve livelihoods.
Components of the urban gardening initiative
- Small plot cultivation - Families are encouraged to grow crops on tiny plots, typically ranging from 15 to 20 square metres, attached to their homes.
- Training provided - Participants receive guidance on essential techniques such as basic crop cultivation, rainwater collection, building simple greenhouses, and storing harvested produce.
- Food security benefits - Most of the grown food is consumed by the household, directly improving nutrition and health, while any excess can be exchanged for other necessities.
The role of female self-help groups in the scheme
A vital part of the Mazar-i-Sharif project involves empowering women through community groups and skill development. This component addresses gender inequalities and supports economic independence.
Activities and support for women
- Formation of self-help groups - Women come together to share knowledge and resources, fostering a supportive network.
- Skill development training - Instruction is provided in basic business management, nutrition, and hygiene practices to build practical know-how.
- Micro-loan assistance - Small loans enable women to start their own enterprises, such as opening shops, spinning and sewing clothes, or raising poultry.
- Empowerment in society - These initiatives help women gain confidence and a stronger role within their communities, contributing to social change.
The broader impacts of the project on sustainability and self-sufficiency
The Mazar-i-Sharif scheme serves as a potential blueprint for other urban areas in Afghanistan. By addressing immediate needs and fostering independence, it contributes to long-term improvements in urban living conditions.
Positive outcomes of the initiative
- Reduction in food insecurity - Growing food locally helps families meet their nutritional needs without relying heavily on external sources.
- Decrease in unemployment and poverty - Both gardening and small business ventures create income opportunities for struggling households.
- Less dependence on rural food supplies - Urban food production reduces the pressure on rural areas to supply cities with provisions.
- Enhanced urban sustainability - By promoting self-sufficiency, the project helps make urban environments more resilient and less resource-dependent, supporting a more balanced coexistence for new and existing residents.