Homeostasis - exam practice
Homeostasis
Question 1 of 3
The endocrine system coordinates many internal functions of the body.
Give three ways in which the endocrine system differs from the nervous system.
The response of the skin to cold weather is an involuntary action.
How is an involuntary action different from a voluntary action?
Give the name of the process by which the internal conditions of the body are maintained.
A diabetic woman needs to calculate the number of grams of carbohydrate in her meals.
She then uses the mass of carbohydrate to calculate the number of units of insulin she will need to inject to lower her blood glucose concentration. She takes no other medications.
Does the woman suffer from type 1 or type 2 diabetes?
Explain your answer.
The woman eats a jam doughnut and drinks a hot chocolate before going to bed.
The doughnut contains 38 g of carbohydrate. The hot chocolate contains 12 g of carbohydrate.
The woman needs to inject 1 unit of insulin for every 10 grams of carbohydrate she consumes.
How many units of insulin will she need to inject to control a rise in her blood glucose levels?
Apart from injecting insulin, give one other way the woman could help to control the concentration of glucose in her blood.
The body cells of a person with untreated diabetes lose more water than the cells of a person without diabetes.
Explain how diabetes can cause the cells to lose more water.
Some people suffer from diabetes.
People with type 1 diabetes do not produce enough insulin to maintain an appropriate level of blood glucose.
Which organ in the body monitors blood glucose concentration?
Insulin causes its target organs to take in glucose from the blood.
Which of the following is a target organ for insulin?
Explain how blood glucose levels are controlled in the body of a person who does not suffer from diabetes.
The control of blood sugar is an example of a negative feedback mechanism.
State what is meant by negative feedback and explain how negative feedback works.
Insulin is a protein.
Insulin must be injected as it cannot be taken as a tablet.
Suggest what would happen to an insulin tablet if it reached the stomach.
Compare the causes of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and explain how each type of diabetes can be treated.