Passage of Information from Parents to Offspring - exam practice

For organisms undergoing sexual reproduction, a reduction division occurs before fertilisation.

Which reasons explain why this is necessary?

1 - increase genetic variation

2 - prevent doubling of the chromosome number

3 - reduce the chances of mutation

The haploid chromosome number in the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus, is 8.

Independent assortment of chromosomes in meiosis contributes to genetic variation in the gametes of the koala.

How many genetically different versions of koala gamete would it be possible for one individual to produce if independent assortment were the only source of genetic variation?

During cell division, the chromosome number in cells changes.

The following sequences describe the chromosome number in cells before, during, and after different types of cell division.

Which option correctly describes the stages of mitosis and meiosis in human cells?

Meiosis is an important feature of sexual reproduction.

Which processes occur during meiosis and contribute to genetic variation in offspring?

1 - crossing over

2 - gene mutation

3 - random fertilisation

Corals are a group of animals that usually live on the sea bed close to the surface of the water.

Many corals can reproduce both sexually and asexually.

Which statement about asexually produced coral offspring is not true?

The diagram shows four different stages in meiosis.

What is the correct sequence in which these four stages would occur?

In which stage of meiosis are homologous chromosomes pulled to opposite poles of the cell?

To calculate the number of possible chromosome combinations in gametes from an organism with 6 pairs of homologous chromosomes without crossing over, which formula should be used?

What is the end result of meiosis in human cells?

How does meiosis contribute to genetic variation?

What is the term used to describe the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes?